Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks are defined as:

Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks are defined as:

• A. Eavesdropping attacks that involve an attacker intercepting and relaying messages between two parties who believe they are communicating with each other.
• B. A malware that encrypts files
• C. A device that monitors network traffic
• D. A technique to speed up data transfer

Answer: (A)

Man-in-the-middle attacks hinge on placing an attacker between two parties who think they are communicating directly. The attacker secretly intercepts the messages, may alter them, and then forwards them so that both sides remain unaware of the interception. This breaks confidentiality and integrity and can allow impersonation or manipulation of the conversation. That defining idea matches the description of intercepting and relaying messages between two parties who believe they are communicating with each other. The other descriptions don’t fit: encrypting files describes ransomware; a device that monitors traffic is just a network sniffer; and a method to speed up data transfer has no relation to hijacking or altering communications.

Man-in-the-middle attacks hinge on placing an attacker between two parties who think they are communicating directly. The attacker secretly intercepts the messages, may alter them, and then forwards them so that both sides remain unaware of the interception. This breaks confidentiality and integrity and can allow impersonation or manipulation of the conversation. That defining idea matches the description of intercepting and relaying messages between two parties who believe they are communicating with each other. The other descriptions don’t fit: encrypting files describes ransomware; a device that monitors traffic is just a network sniffer; and a method to speed up data transfer has no relation to hijacking or altering communications.